The HG5LN-hPPARα assay using a reporter gene technique is an in vitro
tool that provides mechanistic data. The assay is used to establish signal
activation (agonism) or blocking of the hPPARα (antagonism) caused by a ligand.
Unliganded chimeric PPARα binds to GAL4RE and transactivates luciferase at a
basal level. Once a chemical ligand binds to chimeric PPARα, together they form
heterodimers with RXR and recruit cofactors to modulate luciferase
transcription. The expression of luciferase is thus directly linked to the
concentration of the effector ligand and to its affinity for PPARα. Once the
substrate of luciferase, luciferin, is added to the cells, it is possible to
assess transactivation by measuring cell luminescence. Luciferase activity can
be evaluated quickly and inexpensively with a number of commercially available
test kits. The test system for the assessment of the relative hPPARα activation
or inhibition by test chemicals provided here utilises the HG5LN-hPPARα cell
line.