Jun 18, 2022
Nurses’, patients’, and informal caregivers’ attitudes toward aggression in psychiatric hospitals: a comparative survey study
- Maritta A Välimäki1,2,3,
- Joyce Y Lam2,3,
- Daniel Bressington3,4,
- Teris Cheung3,
- Wai Kit Wong3,
- Po Yee Ivy Cheng5,
- Chi Fai Ng6,
- Tony Ng7,
- Chun Pong Yam8,
- Glendy Ip9,
- Lee Paul3,10,
- Tella Lantta2
- 1Xiangya Nursing School, Xiangya Research Center of Evidence-based Healthcare, Central South University, China;
- 2Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Finland;
- 3School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (SAR), China;
- 4College of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia;
- 5Community Psychiatric Services, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), China;
- 6Department of Psychiatry, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), China;
- 7Department of Psychiatry, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), China;
- 8Department of Psychiatry, Kowloon Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), China;
- 9Former affiliation: Central Nursing Division, Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong, China (SAR), China;
- 10University of Leicester, Department of Health Sciences, College of Life Sciences, UK
- Maritta A Välimäki: Corresponding author; Current affiliation: Xiangya Nursing School, Xiangya Research Center of Evidence-based Healthcare, Central South University, China;
- Joyce Y Lam: Current affiliation: University of Turku;
- Daniel Bressington: Current affiliation: Charles Darwin University;
- Lee Paul: Current affiliation: University of Leicester;
External link: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274536
Protocol Citation: Maritta A Välimäki, Joyce Y Lam, Daniel Bressington, Teris Cheung, Wai Kit Wong, Po Yee Ivy Cheng, Chi Fai Ng, Tony Ng, Chun Pong Yam, Glendy Ip, Lee Paul, Tella Lantta 2022. Nurses’, patients’, and informal caregivers’ attitudes toward aggression in psychiatric hospitals: a comparative survey study. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.j8nlkk62wl5r/v1
Manuscript citation:
Välimäki M, Lam J, Bressington D, Cheung T, Wong WK, Cheng PYI, Ng CF, Ng T, Yam CP, Ip G, Paul L, Lantta T (2022) Nurses’, patients’, and informal caregivers’ attitudes toward aggression in psychiatric hospitals: A comparative survey study. PLoS ONE 17(9): e0274536. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274536
License: This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Protocol status: Working
We use this protocol and it’s working
Created: May 24, 2022
Last Modified: June 18, 2022
Protocol Integer ID: 63125
Keywords: Aggression, Perceptions, Attitudes, Nurses, Patient, Informal caregiver, Psychiatric hospital
Funders Acknowledgement:
Funding by the Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Grant ID: 1-ZE84
Academy of Finland
Grant ID: 294298
Academy of Finland
Grant ID: 307367
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Abstract
Attitudes toward aggression is a controversial phenomenon in psychiatry. This study examined and compared attitudes toward patient aggression in psychiatric hospitals from the perspectives of nurses, patients and informal caregivers and identified factors associated to these attitudes. A total of 2,424 participants completed a self-reported instrument regarding attitudes toward aggression (12-items Perception of Aggression Scale; POAS-S). We analyzed data from nurses (n = 782), patients (n = 886), and informal caregivers (n = 765). Pearson’s r correlations were used to examine associations between variables. Differences between group scores were analysed using ANOVA/MANOVA with post-hoc Sheffe tests. Multivariate logistic regression models and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effects of respondents’ characteristics on their attitudes toward aggression. Nurses had significantly more negative and less tolerate perceptions toward aggression (mean [SD] 47.1 [7.5], p<0.001) comparing to patients (mean [SD] 44.4 [8.2]) and informal caregivers (mean [SD] 45.0 [6.9) regarding a POAS-S total score. The same trend was found in dysfunction and function sub-scores (mean [SD] 25.3 [4.1] and 15.0 [3.6], respectively; the differences between groups were in both cases both was statistically significant (p <0.001) comparing to patients (mean [SD] 23.7 [5.3] and 14.0 [4.1], respectively) and informal caregivers (mean [SD] 24.4 [4.2] and 13.9 [3.5], respectively). The study offers new understanding of aggressive behaviour in different treatment settings where attitudes toward patient behaviour raises ethical and practical dilemmas. These results indicate a need for more targeted on-the-job training for nursing staff, aggression management rehabilitation programs for patients, and peer-support programs for informal caregivers focused on patient aggression.
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