The immunohistochemistry (IHC) protocol is used to showcase the location of specific proteins in relation to the arquitecture of the tissue.
In this method, we use a primary antibody which binds to a specific antigen in the protein of interest. This antibody has a specific host and can be ready to use or undiluted. The secondary antibody is an anti-host IgG which will bind to the primary antibody 1. It's also conjugated with an Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP).
The HRP will react with the Hydrogen Peroxide in the substract of the DAB solution, oxidizing the DAB, creating a brown deposit on the location of the protein of interest.
Depending on location of the protein, we can have staining in the nuclei, the cytoplasm or the cellular membrane.
the concentration of the antibody;
type of antigen retrieval;
the pH of the antigen retrieval solution (for Heat Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER));
You can use this protocol for Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded samples (FFPE) and Fixed Frozen samples (Gelatin and OCT).