For Chemiluminescence westerns: The proteins were electro-transferred to PVDF membranes (0.45 µm, Millipore), and then the total protein was stained using Ponceau (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The membrane was then blocked with 5% non-fat milk (r.t., 60 min) incubated with the indicated primary antibodies (4oC, overnight), washed three times with TBST (total 30 min), and further incubated either with HRP conjugated anti-Rabbit and anti-mouse secondaries at (1:5,000) for 1h. After thorough wash with TBST for 30 min membranes were treated with Lightning‱ Plus Chemiluminescence Reagent (PerkinElmer, NEL104001EA) after mixing the Enhanced Luminol Reagent and the Oxidizing Reagent 1:1. Mixed Chemiluminescence Reagent was added to blot and rocked gently for 1 minute and imaged using BioRad ChemiDoc Imaging System